Rare earth magnets are the composition of alloys consisting of samarium, neodymium mixed rare earth and transition metals (such as cobalt, iron, etc.). Use pressed powder metallurgy sintering method with magnetization of a magnetic material to obtain the rare earth magnets.

The rare earth magnets are divided into SmCo and NdFeB permanent magnet system. The magnetic energy of SmCo magnets is in range from 15 to 30MGOe. The magnetic energy of NdFeB permanent magnets is ranging from 27 to 50MGOe, which is called the permanent king and the highest permanent magnetic materials.

In the rare earth magnets, despite of the excellent magnetic properties, SmCo magnets have little rare earth metals samarium rare and scarce and expensive strategic metal cobalt, so that the development has been greatly limited. The development of rare earth magnets industry in China began in the late 60s, and the dominant product is SmCo magnet. Currently, the world’s sales of samarium – cobalt permanent magnet are 630 tons, in China of 90.5 tons (including SmCo magnetic powder), which mainly used in military technology.

Rare earth magnets materials are the highest overall performance of permanent magnet materials, whose magnetic properties are higher 100 times than magnets in nineteenth century and higher one time than expensive platinum cobalt alloy.

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